grammar

I

(New American Roget's College Thesaurus)

Mode of speaking and writing

Nouns

1. grammar; accidence, syntax, analysis, synopsis, praxis, punctuation, syllabi[fi]cation; agreement. See speech, language, writing.

2.

a. part of speech; participle; [definite or indefinite] article, [abstract, collective, common, compound, count, mass, or proper] noun, substantive, [indefinite, relative, possessive, or personal] pronoun, [active, passive, strong, weak, transitive, intransitive, linking, reflexive, auxiliary, or helping] verb, copula, [positive, comparative, or superlative] adjective, adverb, preposition, postposition, interjection, [coordinating] conjunction.

b. conjugation, tense: present, historical present, present perfect, past, preterit, future, future perfect, imperfect, perfect, past perfect, pluperfect, progressive, aorist; principal parts, infinitive, past tense, past participle; gerund, [past, perfect, or present] participle, modal auxiliary.

c. mood, mode: infinitive, indicative, subjunctive, imperative, optative; [middle, active, or passive] voice, aspect, inceptive, inchoative.

d. [simple, complex, compound-complex, compound, declarative, exclamatory, or periodic] sentence, paragraph, [dependent, independent, nonrestrictive, relative restrictive, or subordinate] clause, phrase; subject, [direct or indirect] object, verb; diagram, parse or syntax tree.

e. declension, case; ablative, accusative, dative, nominative, locative, vocative, objective; [first, second, or third] person; number, singular, plural; gender, masculine, feminine, neuter.

f. antecedent, apodosis, apposition, causative, clause, complement, connective, construction, contraction, copula, correlative, [dangling] participle, demonstrative, determiner, dvandva, exophora, expletive, hypotaxis, inflection, intensifier, intensive, interrogative, inversion, marker, particle; prefix, suffix, combining form, element; inflection, inflexion, paradigm, postposition, predicate nominative, prepositional phrase.

3. style; philology, language; phraseology, wording, rhetoric, diction. See speech; writing, figurative.

4. grammarian, semanticist, linguist. See language.

Verbs — parse, analyze, diagram; punctuate; conjugate, decline, inflect.

Adjectives — grammatical; conditional, copulative, emphatic, epicene, factitive, heteroclite, impersonal, periphrastic, suppletive, volitive; regular, irregular.

Antonyms, see error.

II

(Roget's IV) n.

Syn. syntax, accidence, morphology, structure, morphophonemics, syntactic structure, sentence structure, language pattern, sentence pattern, linguistic science, rationalized language, stratificational grammar, transformational grammar, universal grammar, tagmemics, tagmemic grammar, phrase structure grammar, PS, incorporating grammar, synthetic grammar, inflectional grammar, analytic grammar, distributive grammar, isoLating grammar, traditional grammar, the New grammar*.

Terms in grammar include: tense, mood, person, gender, voice, number, aspect, case, sandhi, modification, inflection, concord, agreement, sentence, phrase, clause, predicate, nexus, coordination, subordination, deep structure, surface structure, part of speech, punctuation, phoneme, phonemics, morpheme, morphemics, sememe, semiotics, tagmeme; see also language 2 .

III

(Roget's 3 Superthesaurus) n.

composition, language, language rules, syntax, semantics.